Math and Academic Functions

by typora.io

Typora supports rendering normal mathematics using Tex/LaTeX syntax. The rendering process is processed by MathJax.

Table of Contents

Math Block (Display Math)

Math blocks are LaTeX expressions wrapped by $$ mark and line break, for example:

$$
\begin{align*}
y = y(x,t) &= A e^{i\theta} \\
&= A (\cos \theta + i \sin \theta) \\
&= A (\cos(kx - \omega t) + i \sin(kx - \omega t)) \\
&= A\cos(kx - \omega t) + i A\sin(kx - \omega t)  \\
&= A\cos \Big(\frac{2\pi}{\lambda}x - \frac{2\pi v}{\lambda} t \Big) + i A\sin \Big(\frac{2\pi}{\lambda}x - \frac{2\pi v}{\lambda} t \Big)  \\
&= A\cos \frac{2\pi}{\lambda} (x - v t) + i A\sin \frac{2\pi}{\lambda} (x - v t)
\end{align*}
$$

will be rendered as

\[\begin{align*} y = y(x,t) &= A e^{i\theta} \\ &= A (\cos \theta + i \sin \theta) \\ &= A (\cos(kx - \omega t) + i \sin(kx - \omega t)) \\ &= A\cos(kx - \omega t) + i A\sin(kx - \omega t) \\ &= A\cos \Big(\frac{2\pi}{\lambda}x - \frac{2\pi v}{\lambda} t \Big) + i A\sin \Big(\frac{2\pi}{\lambda}x - \frac{2\pi v}{\lambda} t \Big) \\ &= A\cos \frac{2\pi}{\lambda} (x - v t) + i A\sin \frac{2\pi}{\lambda} (x - v t) \end{align*}\]

In Typora, you can just type $$ and press the Return key to input a math block. In input mode, use the Up/Down arrow keys or Command/Ctrl + Return key to finish editing, or just click the ✓ button, or somewhere else.

Inline Math

First of all, please enable theInline Math feature from the preferences panel -> Markdown section. The preferences panel can be opened from menu bar → File → Preferences..., or use shortcut key Command/Ctrl + ,. This setting will be applied after Typora restarts.

CleanShot 2022-09-06 at 21.44.44@2x

Inline math uses syntax like this $<Math Expressions>$, e.g: $f = \frac{2 \pi}{T}$.

TeX Commands available in Typora

You can find all the supported TeX commands at http://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/input/tex/macros/index.html.

You can add new commands using the \def or\newcommand. For example:

$$
\def\bold#1

\bold{this\ is\ now\ bold}
$$

Physics Package

To use the Physics package, please enable it in Preference Panel → Markdown → Math → Enable physics package .

Chemistry Expressions

Typora has the built-in mhchem extension, which can be used to render Chemistry Expressions, you could use it like this:

$\ce{CH4 + 2 $\left( \ce{O2 + 79/21 N2} \right)$}$

Which will be rendered as:

For more details, please refer to https://mhchem.github.io/MathJax-mhchem/.

Cross Reference

Typora supports the TeX-style reference syntax, for example:

Here is a labeled equation:

$$
x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}\label{ref1}\tag{1}
$$

This is a reference : $\ref{ref1}$

Auto Numbering

Typora supports auto-numbering math blocks.

Screen Shot 2022-09-06 at 21.46.32

To turn on this feature, please open the preferences panel and enable “Auto Numbering Math Equations” under the “Markdown” section.

You can choose:

Troubleshooting

Force Refresh

When math rendering goes wrong, like the output math is too wild/narrow, or equation numbering becomes incorrect, you can trigger a forced refresh for all math from the Edit → Math Tools menu.

Line Breaking

Starting from v0.11.0, Typora upgraded to MathJax v3, which does not support line break using \\ or \newline in MathJax v2, the behavior is the same with LaTeX, unless you put them in a \displaylines{} environment, for example:

\displaylines{x+y\\y+z}

So you could use \displaylines as a workaround.

From v0.11.1, Typora provides a new option “Apply Line Break at \\” under Preferences Panel → Markdown → Math. By enabling it, Typora will auto wrap your math content with \displaylines if your content contains \\ or \newline to achieve the same behavior as previous versions. But it may bring some unexpected issues, so if you are met with any math issues after enabling it, please try disabling the option and report to us if it is the cause.

Use \displaylines instead of enabling “Apply Line Break at \\” is recommended for adding line breaks in math.

Limitations